Using longitudinal chain models to measure renewable energy for a sample of selected Asian countries (China, India, Japan) for the period (2006-2023)

Abstract

 The aim of the research was to build models through which we can measure renewable energy in each of the sample countries (China, India, Japan) for the period (2006-2023) based on four renewable energy sources: wind energy, hydropower, solar energy, and finally bioenergy, and to place these variables on one of the standard models (panel data) that combines time series and cross-sections based on annual data for the period (2006-2023). The results of the standard study showed a significant and positive effect of the independent study variables on its dependent variable