Impact of Investment and Exports on Economic Growth in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Econometric study using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model during period (1990-2023)
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Abstract: The study examined the impact of exports and investment on GDP in Saudi Arabia from (1990-2023) using the (ARDL) model to analyze short – and long – run relationship based on annual time series data and the Bound test to confirm a long-term equilibrium relationship among the variables, The results confirmed a long-term equilibrium relationship among the study variables Exports had a positive and significant effect in the long run , While investment showed a significant negative effect , indicating inefficiencies in resource allocation ,In the short run both exports and investment positively and significantly stimulated economic activity .The Error Correction Model (ECM) = - 0.9371 indicated a rapid adjustment toward long-term equilibrium after short –term shocks .The study recommends improving investment efficiency and directive it toward high value- added productive sectors to support economic growth.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
References
- Tahir, Fared Bashir (2005), Principles of Microeconomics, Knowledge Center for Consulting and Educational Services, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain, 2005.
- Abdul Rahman, Ismail and Areeqat (1999), Basic Concepts in Economics, Amman, Dar Weal for Printing, Publishing and Distribution, 1st Edition, p. 37
- Rubi ,Nasser, (2014) The Impact of Exports on Economic Growth: A Case Study of Algeria, Unpublished Master's Thesis, Department of Economic, Commercial and Management Sciences, University of Oran, p. 83
- Al-Habib, Fayez Ibrahim, (1421), Principles of Macroeconomics, King Fahd National Library, 4th edition, Riyadh.
- Hussein, Sarah Ahmed, (2021), Estimating the System of Simultaneous Equations for the Yemeni Economy, Al-Bayda University Journal, Volume 3, Issue 2, Second Scientific Conference, Al-Bayda University.
- Al-Habib, Fayez Ibrahim, (1421), Principles of Macroeconomics, King Fahd National Library, 4th edition, Riyadh.
- Muhammad, Ebtihaj Hashem, (2023), Measuring the Impact of Exports on Economic Growth in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Academic Journal of Research and Scientific Publishing, Issue 53.
- Abari , Shamaa Yousef ,(2025) , The impact of exports on economic growth in Yemen, Al-Bayda University Journal, Volume 7, Issue 5, Faculty of Economics and Political Science, Aden University, Yemen.
- ElJanabi, Haitham Abdul Qadir, (2015), a study entitled “The Impact of Exports on Economic Growth in the Iraqi Economy during the Period (1990-2011).
- Tewfik, Shady Abdel Halim, (2022), the Impact of Exports on Egyptian Economic Growth, Arab Democratic Center.
- https://democraticac.de/?p=84333
- Emery, (1967), Journal of Development Economic, vol.2, No.1.
- Nilofer, Abdul Qayyum, (2018) "Impact of foreign direct investment on growth in Pakistan: the ARDL approach.” University Library of Munich.
- Huron, Bashir,(2022) the Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Economic Growth: A Case Study of Algeria and Singapore 1990-2018, Unpublished Doctoral Thesis, University of Hajj Lakhdar, Banta, Faculty of Economic, Commercial and Management Sciences.
- Pesaran, M.H & Shin, Y, (1999), An Autoregressive Distributed Lag Modelling Approach to Cointegration Analysis.
- Duasa.J,(2007), Determinants of Malaysian Trade Balance: An ARDL, Bound Testing Approach, Journal of Economic Cooperation, 28, 3.
- Inuomote S.Oand Odeniy K,C,O.Farayola ,Econometric Estimation of Rice Import Demand in Nigeria (1970-2008) An Application of Autoregressive Distributed lags (ARDL) Modelling Approach to Cointegration ,Continental J. Agricultural Economics 6(2):1,8,2012.pp:168-175
- Hassler.U and Jurgen Welter, Autoregressive Distributed Lag Models and Cointegration, Working paper, University Berlin, 2005, p: 22.
- Atteha, Abdelgader Mohammed, (2005), Modern econometrics between trend and application, Faculty of Commerce, Alexandria University, University House.
- https://data.albankaldawli.org/