Abdulhai ALS. Measuring and analyzing the impact of quality educational outcomes as a development planning strategy in Iraq for the period 2004–2023. The Gulf Economist [Internet]. 2026 Sep. 30 [cited 2026 Oct. 15];42(69):115-42. Available from: https://tge.uobasrah.edu.iq/index.php/tge/article/view/245