دور السعادةالوظيفية في الحد من التهكم التنظيمي -دراسة تحليلية لآراءعينة من الموظفين في مديرية تربية البصرة
الشريط الجانبي للمقالة
محتوى المقالة الرئيسي
الملخص
Abstract: The current research aims to study job happiness as an independent variable, with its dimensions of (positive impact, negative impact, and achievement), and to demonstrate its role in reducing organizational cynicism. The organization under study was (the Basrah Education Directorate) .The research stemmed from several questions, most notably: (What is the role of job happiness in reducing organizational cynicism?) To achieve the research objectives, a theoretical model was formulated, comprising two main variables, and formulating a hypothetical diagram that illustrate the nature of the relationships between them. The researcher employed a descriptive-analytical approach and used an electronic questionnaire as a tool for data collection and measuring the research variables and dimensions through the (Google Forms) platform. A total of (320) questionnaires were distributed using simple random sampling to employees in the directorate under study, and( 288) valid questionnaires were returned for statistical analysis. To analyze the data and test the research hypotheses, the statistical program (SPSS V.19) was used. The study employed a range of statistical methods, including (the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation coefficient, simple linear regression and Cronbach's alpha coefficient ) . The results revealed several key findings, most notably ( the significant role of job happiness in reducing instances of organizational cynicism). The research concluded with several recommendations, including ( the necessity of adopting various practices and methods to enhance job happiness,thereby contributing to reducing manifestations of organizational cynicism and transforming feelings of anxiety and frustration among employees into positive energy that fosters enthusiasm, achievement, and improved organizational performance )
تفاصيل المقالة
هذا العمل مرخص بموجب Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
المراجع
References
-Agustien, E., & Soeling, P. D. (2020). How does Happiness at Work Affect Employee Performance in the Head Office of BKKBN?. Hasanuddin Economics and Business Review, 58-64.
-Al-Ali, W., Ameen, A., Isaac, O., Khalifa, G. S., & Shibami, A. H. (2019). The mediating effect of job happiness on the relationship between job satisfaction and employee performance and turnover intentions: A case study on the oil and gas industry in the United Arab Emirates. Journal of Business and Retail Management Research, 13(4).
-Al-Jarrah, A. K. H. (2023). Organizational Symmetry and its Relationship to Job Happiness / A Survey Study of the Opinions of a Sample of Workers in The Office of the Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources in the Kurdistan Region . Journal for Administrative and Human Sciences (2023) 3 (1) : 185 – 206
-Arora, R. G. (2020). Happiness among higher education academicians: a demographic analysis. Rajagiri Management Journal, 14(1), 3-17
-Bayram, A., Biçkes, D. M., Karaca, M., & Çakı, C. (2016). The role of mediation of the organizational cynicism the relationship between leader-member exchange and job performance: an examination on the elementary teachers of public personnel in Central Anatolia Region. Journal of Business and Management Vol. 18,Iss.12, pp.105-113
-Bellini, D., Ramaci. T, & Bonaiuto. M., (2015), "The Restorative Effect of the Environment on Organizational Cynicism and Work Engagement", Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies, Vol.3, No.3, pp. 124-135.
-Efenji, F. I., & Aidi, A. P.( 2026) Effect of Organisational Cynicism on Employee Performance in Tertiary Health Sector Institutions in, Nigeria. International Journal for Novel Research in Economics , Finance and Management , Volume 4, Issue 2 , PP: 01-09
-Field, A. (2009). Discovering Statistics Using SPSS (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
-Jaswal, N., Sharma, D., Bhardwaj, B., & Kraus, S. (2024). Promoting well-being through happiness at work: a systematic literature review and future research agenda. Management decision, 62(13), 332-369.
-Ike, O. O., Eze, I. C., & Nnadozie, E. E. (2025). Perceived organizational support as a buffer between organizational cynicism and workplace deviance in nursing. Discover Psychology, 5(1), 138.
-Ikram, A., Samreen, F., Rehan, F., & Ali, N. (2024). Impact of climate, cynicism and culture on organizational citizenship behavior with intervening impact of job embeddedness. Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), 13(1).
-Işık, Ö. G. (2014). Organizational cynicism a study among advertising agencies. Akdeniz Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi, (22), 130-151
-Kaygin, E., Yilmaz, T., Gulluce, A. C., & Salik, N. (2017). A research for determining the relationship between the organizational cynicism and the organizational commitment. Management and Organizational Studies, 4(1), 1-9.
-Kerr, A. W., Hall, H. K., & Kozub, A. K. (2002). Doing Statistics with SPSS. SAGE Publications, London.
-Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30(3), 607–610
-Kun, A., & Gadanecz, P. (2022). Workplace happiness, well-being and their relationship with psychological capital: A study of Hungarian Teachers. Current Psychology, 41(1), 185-199.
-Kustiawan, U., Marpaung, P. A. R. D. A. M. E. A. N., Lestari, U. D., & Andiyana, E. (2022). The effect of affective organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and employee engagement on job happiness and job performance on manufacturing company in Indonesia. WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics, 19(52), 573-591
-Margelytė-Pleskienė, A., & Vveinhardt, J. (2018). The quintessence of organizational commitment and organizational cynicism. Organizacijø Vadyba: Sisteminiai Tyrimai, (80), 67-88.
-Maymoun, A. (2025). The Impact of Organizational Cynicism On Organizational Commitment among Academic staff in the Department of Management Sciences at the University of M'sila . Mayadeen Economic Journal, 8(1), 201–220.
-Oerlemans, W. G., & Bakker, A. B. (2018). Motivating job characteristics and happiness at work: A multilevel perspective. Journal of applied psychology, 103(11), 1230.
- Pallant, J. (2016). SPSS survival manual: A step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS Program (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education , London ,UK
-Paschoal, T., & 22-Tamayo, A. (2008). Construction and validation of the Work Well-Being Scale. Psychological Assessment / Avaliação Psicológica , 7(1), 11-22.
-Pfrombeck, J., Doden, W., Grote, G., & Feierabend, A. (2020). A study of organizational cynicism and how it is affected by social exchange relationships at work. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 93(3), 578-604
-Rayan, A. R., Aly, N. A., & Abdelgalel, A. M. (2018). Organizational cynicism and counterproductive work behaviors: An empirical study. European Journal of Business and Management, 10(27), 70-79.
-Ribeiro, M. I., Lopes, I. M., Fernandes, A., & Diniz, F. (2019). Impact of worker motivation and work environment on job happiness: case study of an organization that develops social support activities.
-Sabr, R. N. (2012). The reflection of organizational cynicism on the deviant behavior of employees: An exploratory study of the opinions of a sample of employees in the General Company for Woolen Industries . Tikrit Journal of Administrative and Economic Sciences, 4(44) .
-Salako, T., & Akingbade, R. (2025). Influence of workplace happiness on organizational commitment among healthcare workers in Ibadan Metropolis, Oyo State, Nigeria. Caritas Journal of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, 3(1).
-Salazar-Altamirano, M. A., Galván-Vela, E., Ravina-Ripoll, R., & Martínez-Arvizu, O. J. (2025). Design and validation of an instrument for evaluating workplace happiness. Journal of Management & Organization , page 1 of 34
-Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research methods for business: A skill building approach (7th ed.). John Wiley & Sons
-Sender, G., Carvalho, F., & Guedes, G. (2021). The happy level: A new approach to measure happiness at work using mixed methods. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 20, 16094069211002413.
-Simsek, H. (2020). The relationship between organizational commitment and organizational cynicism levels of accounting employees in Hotel enterprises: The case of Kemer. Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 20(A9), 11-22.
-Zhang, C., Irfan, M., & Sial, J. I. (2024). Effect of workplace harassment on organizational cynicism with the mediation of perceived incivility and the moderating role of perceived organizational obstruction. Heliyon, 10(12).